Human Genetics :: essays research papers fc

homo Genome Project A genome is defined as the complete collection of an organisms patrimonial material. The sympathetic genome is composed of nearly 50,000 to 100,000 divisors located on 23 pairs of chromosomes in a human mobile phone. It is tell that a single human chromosome whitethorn contain more than 250 million DNA base pairs, and it is estimated that the entire human genome consists of about 3 billion base pairs. The DNA is gathered by means of blood samples taken from many different people. Though each someone has a unique set of DNA the difference in a given pair of samples is less than 1 percent making the differences discolour in comparison to the similarities. The Human Genome Project is an international collaboration of scientists whos goal is to gain a basic understanding of the genetical draught of a human being. This information is found in each cell of the body, encoded in the DNA. The intent of this consider is to identify all genes in the magnetic c ore of a human cell, to map where those genes ar on the chromosomes of the nucleus, and to determine the seqeuncing or the order of these chemical subunits of the DNA. The idea to undertake such a project was came about through a series of scientific conferences held between 1985 and 1987. The veritable project ,however, did not begin until 1990 with the expansion of funding from the NIH and DOE. There are many nations involved with this project as part of an informal arrangement including France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and many other european nations. Also in an try to speed up the mapping and sequencing process several private companies become been enlisted to help such as Celera Genomics. Today there is a serve of research being done under the umbrella of the Human Genome Project. For instince gene therapy is being developed as a very real reanimate for such hereditary diseases as Cystic Fibrosis and Parkinsons where somewhere in the genetic make up of the bod y there is a glich tht alows the nervous create from raw material of the brain to deteriorate at a slow but steady rate. With gene therapy we will be able to replace the tissue in the brain with correctly funtioning tissue from an animal such as a pig. As of early 1999 the Human Genome Project was ahead of schedule. There is said to be nearly 10 percent of the genome sequenced already or about 7,600 genes have been mapped to particular chromosomes.